Multiple-purpose quick-acting implement



' Feb. 16,1926. v 1,573,647

B. F. B. SEWELL.

MULTIPLE PURPOSE QUICK ACTING IMPLEMENT Filed Now-13. i922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 EBMpm'mF. Brookosun Feb. 16 1926. 1,573,647

B.-F. B. sswsu.

MULTIPLE PURPOSE QUICK ACTING IMPLEMENT Filed Nov. 15, 1922 2 Sheets-Shoot 2 AMHMHIIW gwmmtor Patented Feb. 16, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT :oFFlcE.

BENJAMIN F. BROOKE EWELL, or CHULA,,VIRGINIA MULTIPLE-PURPOSE QUICK-ACTING. IMPLEMENT.

vAppjication filed November 13, 1922. Serial-No. 600,523.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, BENJAMIN F. BROOKE SEWELL, a citizen of the United States,- residing atChula, in the county of Amelia and State of Virginia, have-invented certain new and useful Improvements. in Multiple-Purpose Quick-Acting Implements, of which the following is a specification.

' This invention relates to multiple purpose implements and has for an object to-provide'an implement of the hand ormanual type of tool adapted for useas a wrench or for a number of otherpurposes as for instance a vise, a punch or the like, by the proved type'of mechanical movement.

In the drawings: Figure '1 1s a new ofthe nnplement with one side forming a cover removed showing the internal construction'of the -mechani-.

cally movable parts.

Figure 2 1s a .sectional View taken on line 22 of Flgure 1.

: Figure 3 isasectional view taken on "line v recess 29, and a bowed spring 30 1s set into 3'3 of Figure 1." I

' Figure 4 is an edge view of the lever and pawl separated.

Figure 5 is a view in side elevation with half of the casing removed of a slightly dilierentembodiment of the invention.

. Figure 6 is a viewsimilar to Figure 5 with the lever in open position and the rack and pawl disconnected.

Figure 7 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 7-7 of F1gure5.

Figure 8 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 88 of Flgure 5.

Figure 9-is a view of the pawl and lever disconnected, seen from the position as oi the top of Figure 5. a v v Figure '10 is a detail view in side elevation of the lever.

Figure 11 is a fragmentarydetail iew of a still slightly different modification.

The implement referred to may be made in several different forms. The embodiment as shown at Figares 1 to 4 inclusive cominvention is togeneral plate construction having inturned flanges 12, 12, 13, 1'3 and 14s, 14;.

The working parts comprise a lever 15 fulcrumed upon'an integral-stud 1 6 and having an ofiset 17.: A rib or boss 18 is formed upon the lever 15. for properly positioning it between the spaced plates 10 and 11. i

Y A. pawl indicated as an entirety at 19, --is provided with a head 20, preferably substantially 1 cylindrical. in ,form but for -the' purpose of milling provided upon nearly diametrical sides "with recesses 21. The pawl 19 is provided with a shoulder "22 properly proportioned and positioned to engage agalnst a pin 23 when the lever' 15 swings upon the stud 16 in the direction indicated by the arrow. A spring 24 bears at one endagainstthe top of the pawl 19' and at itsopposite end against the flange 13 and is held in position by an embraced stud 25. "Thisspring tends to force-the pa'wl downwardly into engagement with the slidtioned to engage interacting teeth 28 on the sliding jawso that, when the lever 15 is prises two substantially-I complementary spaced members 10. and 11 Whichhare of ing jaw 26. The pawl 19 is'iprovidedwith a plurality of teeth 27 properly pro pormoved to closing position, the teeth '2-7 en- Thesliding jaw 26 is provided with a the recess, the ends being engaged by "the sliding jaw'within the recess and; the cen-' tral or bowed portion bearing yieldingly against theplate 11, as indicated more parinterposed'in t'he'path of-movement, manually removable so. that by removing said stud the sliding jaw may beremoved'and replaced. At their extremities, the, plates 1() and 11 have-clamped betweenjthem a jaw member 33 held by a pin 34 likewisemanuallyremovable so that both the'slid-ing jaw 26 and the jaw member 33 maybe convenientlyremoved and replaced by'co-acting jaw members of like or different type. As

shown in the drawing-the jaw membersare onlysuch as might be reasonably used-for purposes" ofa wrench or a vise, but it is to be understood that other jaw members gage the teeth 28, and move the sliding jaw in the direction 'indicat'ed by its arrow.

for use as pipe wrench, shear, punch or the like may be substituted.

The plates 10 and 11 are spaced by spacing sleeves 35 and 36 through which bolts or rivets 37 and 38 respectively are inserted.

A spring 39 is provided bearing against a lug 40 on the lever 15 and held in any approved manner as by the rivet 41 tending to move the lever 15 in the direction indicated by its arrow. A latch 42 is also provided, pivoted at 43 and adapted to engage the end 44 of the lever 15.

In operation, the lever 15 being released by the manual unlatching of the latch 42, the spring 39 forces such lever upwardly upon its pivot 16 in the direction indicated by the arrow. This movement draws back the pawl 19, provision being made so that the teeth 27 may slip over the teeth 26 in the return movement and the movement continued until the shoulder 22 engages the pin 23 whereupon a continued and further movement liftsjthe pawl 19 clear of the sliding jaw 26. In this position, the jaw 26' is free to be moved manually and may be slidably moved until it engages against the nut or other work whereupon the return movement of the lever causes the pawl to engage by the action of the spring 24 after the shoulder 22 is released from engagement with the pintle 23, and the further movement causes the sliding jaw 26 to grip with great power against the work. \Vhen used as a Wrench this engagement may be maintained by the hand of the user or, when used as a vise or the like, the latch 42 may be brought into use.

As shown at Figures 5 to 10 inclusive, a modification of the invention is disclosed wherein the stud 16 serves as a stop for the pawl 19, as disclosed more particularly at Figure 6. It will also be noted that in this modification the lever 15 is mounted upon the same side of the body as the sliding jaw 26. This sliding jaw is preferably provided with a removable and replaceable pipe face 45. As shown at Figures 5 and 6, a socket is provided in the sliding jaw 26 to receive the shank of the pipe jaw 45 in working position, as shown at Figure 6, with a different socket for receiving it in idle position as shown at F igure 5. The stationary jaw is likewise provided with means for co-acting with either the planeface of the jaw 26 or the pipe face 45. This comprises a sleeve 46 having upon one side a pipe jaw face 47 and upon the opposite side a plane face 48. This sleeve 46 is removable and replaceable upon the body and is held by means of a spring detent 49, having a lug 50 engaging in openings 51 upon opposite sides of this sleeve. By depressing the lug manually, the sleeve 46 may be removed from the body and reversed so that either the plane face 48 or the pipe face 47 is in position for co-acting with the sliding jaw 26 either in its plane face condition or its pipe jaw condition, as shown respectively at Figures 5 and 6.

As shown at Figure 11, an auxiliary jaw 52 is provided, slidable upon the flan es 12 independently of the sliding jaw 26 Upon one side, this sliding jaw 26 is provided with a pipe face 53 and the auxiliary jaw 52 is provided with a pipe face 54. Upon the opposite side, the auxiliary jaw is provided with a plane face 55 and the rigid jaw is provided with a plane face 56 for co-acting therewith. member 52 may be slidably movable therefore into engagement either with the fixed jaw to utilize its pipe face or into engagement with the sliding jaw to utilize its plane face whereby the device is at all times equipped for operating either as a plane nut wrench or as a pipe wrench.

It will be understood that all of these several sliding jaws 26, 26 and 26" are in terchangeable and may be used upon any of the several types of bodies shown in the several figures; also that the auxiliary jaw 52 is capable of use in conjunction with any of the bodies as shown or any of the jaws properly equipped for operating therewith In other words, it is to be understood that all of the features in regard to the sliding jaw and its actuating means, consisting of the rack with the plurality of complementary teeth, the various utilities of and carried by the sliding jaws and the auxiliary jaw are common to all of the several types shown.

The relation of the several parts, especially the moving parts of this implement,

is particularly emphasized. It will be noted that the arc of travel of the center of the pivoting of the pawl 19,01 19 is short because of its proximity to its fulcrum and that it varies but little from parallelism with the line of travel of the sliding jaw; also that this center of pivoting of the pawl is but slightly removed laterally from this line of travel whereby the force from the leverage is applied to the traveling jaw in the most advantageous manner corresponding as nearly as may be to the direction of movement of the sliding jaw. The laws of leverage will, of course, make it at once apparent that the relation of the pivot point of the pawl to the fulcrum of the lever is such that the force is very greatly multiplied and by applying this force with the smallest possible angle the greatest efliciency is provided.

Further efficiency is provided in the shape of the teeth of the rack of the traveling jaw and the pawl, said teeth being relatively The auxiliary jaw large and, therefore, resisting in an augby providing the pawl, as will be noted, with a considerable number of teeth so that the stresses applied by the great leverage are divided among the several contacts.

With the pawl made long as is desirable to carry the plurality of teeth of the size just mentioned, it is obvious that the angle of application of force will be less than would be the case if the pawl were shorter and provided with a lesser number of teeth. While the present invention is not limited to any specific angle, it has been demonstrated that an angle of not more than thirty degrees will apply the forces of the lever-' age to the sliding mum efficiency.

In operation, therefore, the pawl being positioned as shown at Figure 6 or in dotted lines in Figure l, the sliding jaw is free to be moved manually. This may be. accomplished by grasping the jaw itself in the particular type shown at Figure l or by the use of the hooked end or finger hold 57, as shown at Figures 5 and 6. Usually the manual movement applied thus directly to the jaw will be to open the jaw as the closing action is brought about by'a continued oscillation of the handle. For the moving of the jaws forward, it is obviously not necessary that the handle be moved to its jaw with nearly the maxi- 'releasing limit as the spring will permit the pawl to slide along the rack of the jaw so that only a limited oscillation of the handle will result in a step by step forward movement of the sliding jaw, By moving the handle to its releasing limit of oscillation, the jaw may be moved in either direction. With the auxiliary jaw in place,-it will be obvious that the manual moving of the jaw to open the jaw interval will permit the manual sliding of the auxiliary jaw in either direction to bring it into operative contact with either the fixed jaw or the sliding jaw whereby either a plane wrench operable as a hand vise.

The adaptation of the device to other uses where power of movementof a sliding jaw is desired will be obvious to one skilled in the art.

What I claim to be new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An implement comprising a body having spaced side walls, alever pivoted between the side walls upon a pivot fixed relative to said walls, a jaw slidable relative to the walls and provided with a rack, a pawl, means pivoting the pawl to the lever eccentric of the pivot, and means carried by the pawl for engaging the pivot of the lever for throwing the pawl out of engagement with the rack.

An implement comprising a body having spaced walls, a lever pivoted between the walls upon a pivot fixed relative to the walls, a'jaw slidable relative to the walls V and provided with a rack, an offset formed upon the lever eccentrically relative to its pivot, a pawl pivoted to the offset and provided with means for engagement with the rack, and means carried by the pawl for engagement with the pivot of the lever at one limit of its movement, tending to throw the pawl out of engagement with the rack.

pawl in engagement with the rack, and a spring adapted to actuate the lever to move the lever to the limit of its movement against the tension of the spring controlling the pawl. r

In testimony whereof I affix my signature. BENJAMIN F. BROOKE SEWELL. 

